RAMAC stood for "Random Access Method of Accounting and Control". Simultaneously a very similar product, the IBM 355, was announced for the IBM 650 RAMAC computer system. The IBM 350 disk storage unit, the first disk drive, was announced by IBM as a component of the IBM 305 RAMAC computer system on September 14, 1956. Army Red River Arsenal, with two IBM 350 disk drives in the foreground RAMAC mechanism at Computer History Museum Here, the current industry standard terms, hard disk drive (HDD) and floppy disk drive (FDD), are used.Įarly IBM HDDs IBM 350 IBM 305 at U.S. IBM uses many terms to describe its various magnetic disk drives, such as direct-access storage device (DASD), disk file and diskette file. By 1996, IBM had stopped making hard disk drives unique to its systems and was offering all its HDDs as an OEM. IBM always offered its magnetic disk drives for sale but did not offer them with original equipment manufacturer (OEM) terms until 1981. IBM manufactured 8-inch floppy disk drives from 1969 until the mid-1980s, but did not become a significant manufacturer of smaller-sized, 5.25- or 3.5-inch floppy disk drives (the dimension refers to the diameter of the floppy disk, not the size of the drive). Few products in history have enjoyed such spectacular declines in cost and physical size along with equally dramatic improvements in capacity and performance. Disk drive performance and characteristics are measured by the same standards now as they were in the 1950s. The basic mechanical arrangement of hard disk drives has not changed since the IBM 1301. Both the hard disk drive (HDD) and floppy disk drive (FDD) were invented by IBM and as such IBM's employees were responsible for many of the innovations in these products and their technologies. IBM manufactured magnetic disk storage devices from 1956 to 2003, when it sold its hard disk drive business to Hitachi.
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